Clavariaceae

Key to club-shaped and branched Clavariaceae species from Brazil

1. Basidiomata pendent; spore walls amyloid .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................Mucronella calva (from Acre, Rondônia [Capelari & Maziero 1998] and São Paulo [Bononi et al. 1979])

• Basidiomata not pendent; spore walls inamyloid ...............................................................................................................................2

2. Hyphae without clamps, often secondarily septate, or with a loop-like clamp at the base of the basidia .......................3 (Clavaria)

• Hyphae clamped, not secondarily septate ........................................................................................................................................10

3. Basidiomata phycophilous ..................................................................................................................................................................4

• Basidiomata not phycophilous ...........................................................................................................................................................5

4. Basidiomata pink (9A3) to orange-pink (8A5), longitudinally sulcate; spores 9.0−12 × 4.0−5.5 μm, pink in the mass .................... ...........................................................................................................Ca. helicoides (from Rio Grande do Sul [Bononi et al. 1981])

• Basidiomata white (1A1) to pale cream (1A2), smooth; spores 6.0−9.0 × 2.7−4.0 μm, hyaline......................................................... .................................................................Ca. neofossicola (from Mato Grosso [Corner 1970] and São Paulo [Bononi et al. 1981])

5. Basidiomata unbranched ....................................................................................................................................................................6

• Basidiomata branched ........................................................................................................................................................................9

6. Basidia with a wide loop-like clamp at the base ............................................................................................................. Ca. gibbsiae

• Basidia without clamps .......................................................................................................................................................................7

7. Basidiomata deep orange (7B8) to red (9A8), typically caespitose ............................................................................Ca. subglobosa

• Basidiomata white (1A1) to pale cream (1A2) or reddish grey (9B8), not caespitose ......................................................................8

8. Basidiomata rather robust, fuliginous (9B8), becoming light brown (5D5) when older; basidiospores 5.0−8.0 × 4.0−5.0 μm ......... ........................................................................................................................................................................................... Ca. fumosa

• Basidiomata fragile, pure white (1A1); basidiospores smaller, 4.5−5.5 × 2.0−3.5 μm .................................................... Ca. fragilis

9. Basidiomata light yellow (1A4) to greenish yellow (1B8); basidiospores narrowly ellipsoid, context hyphae diverticulate ............. ...................................................................................................................................................................................Ca. diverticulata

• Basidiomata purple (15C7) to deep purple (15D8); basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, context hyphae smooth-walled ....................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................Ca. zollingeri

10. Basidiospores smooth or sharply angular to tuberculous; basidiomata unbranched in some species .................... 11 (Clavulinopsis)

• Basidiospores regularly nodulose-verrucose or echinulate; basidiomata branched .................................................21 (Ramariopsis)

11. Basidiospores verrucose-angular ........................................................................................................................................Cs. helvola

• Basidiospores smooth .......................................................................................................................................................................12

12. Basidiospores 9.0−11 × 8.0−9.0 μm; basidia 15−18 μm wide, contextual hyphae strongly inflated (17−27 μm wide ...................... ...........................................................................................................Cs. inflatissima (from Amazonia [De Lamonica-Freire 1979])

• Basidiospores smaller; basidia up to 13 μm wide, contextual hyphae less inflated (up to 15 μm wide ..........................................13

13. Basidia urniform ..........................................................................................................Cs. carneola (from São Paulo [Corner 1970])

• Basidia elongate and cylindric to subcylindric .................................................................................................................................14

14. Basidiomata orange-yellow (4B7), orange (6A5), pinkish orange (8A5) to deep orange (6A8) .....................................................15

• Basidiomata white tinged yellow (2A5) to pale yellow (1A3) or greenish yellow (2B8) ...............................................................19

15. Basidiomata unbranched ..................................................................................................................................................................16

• Basidiomata branched ......................................................................................................................................................................18

16. Basidiospores ellipsoid to pip-shaped; solitary to gregarious ........................................................................................Cs. laeticolor

• Basidiospores globose, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid; caespitose ................................................................................................17 NEW RECORDS OF CLAVARIACEAE FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 253 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 23

17. Basidiospores subglobose, with a short hilar appendage (0.5−1.0 μm long) ...............................................Cs. aurantiocinnabarina

• Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, with a prominent hilar appendage (1.5−2.0 μm long) .............................................. Cs. fusiformis

18. Basidiospores and basidia dimorphic ..........................................................................................................................Cs. dimorphica

• Basidiospores and basidia of the same size and shape ......................................................................................................................... ........................ Cs. corniculata (from Mato Grosso [Corner 1970], Paraná [De Meijer 2006] and Rio Grande do Sul [Rick 1959])

19. Growing solitary or in small groups; context hyphae irregularly thick-walled ...............................................................Cs. imperata

• Typically caespitose; context hyphae with walls regularly thickened ..............................................................................................20

20. Subhymenium with small orange granules that become greenish when exposed to iodine; basidiospores 7.0−9.0 × 7.0−8.5 μm ..... ...........................................................................................................................................................................................Cs. amoena

• Subhymenium without orange granules; basidiospores slightly smaller, 6.0−8.0 × 6.0−7.5 μm ..................................... Cs. spiralis

21. Basidiomata purple (15C7) to deep purple (15D8) ...............................................R. pulchella (from Rio de Janeiro [Corner 1970])

• Basidiomata white (1A1) to orange-yellow (4B7) ...........................................................................................................................22

22. Basidiomata wholly white (1A1) to pale yellow (1A2); stipe villose-tomentose .................................................................R. kunzei

• Basidiomata yellow (3B7) to orange-yellow (4B8); stipe smooth ........................R. crocea, (from Rio Grande do Sul [Rick 1959])

Referências

• FURTADO, A. N. M., DANIËLS, P. P., & NEVES, M. A. (2016). New species and new records of Clavariaceae (Agaricales) from Brazil. Phytotaxa, 253(1), 1. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.253.1.1